Y7 Science Resource Book  More Resources 

science education teaching

Year 7 Homework Worksheet Danger in the Laboratory 1. Look at the pictures below and list all unsafe activities. Due Date: _____________ 2005 ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Write the behaviour that each student SHOULD show. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 3. Spot and list least ten differences between the two pictures. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ A B Date Completed: ____________ Page 1 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Find the Word Due Date: _____________ 2005 When you have found all of the words in bold there will be ten letters remaining. Place these in order in the spaces in the box below to find a word that is a place where scientists often work. P O I S O N O U S G M R R U O I V A H E B E E E O B I O L O G Y T D V B B E H L B F R E I O S Y L O E E A T O C C E C G E E A F S R T S R Y I L M O R I O I I V D G E A S T M L O D E T A O N R O E O N E W T O N L T R H G S M E L L U G O I C Y L S C I E N C E C S Y R U E T S A P H R E T Scientists investigate things. They discover new things. They carry out experiments to observe the behaviour of objects or living things. They solve problems. They make predictions. A scientist wants to find out how, what, when, where and why something happens. There are a number of branches of science: astronomy, biology (the study of life), chemistry, ecology, geology and meteorology. In science the senses can be used — eyes to observe, touch to feel and ears to hear. Smell can be used but this is dangerous; some substances may be poisonous. Date Completed: ____________ Page 2 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Due Date: _____________ 2005 Match the sentence halves to find use for each piece of equipment (use each half only). Write the completed sentences in your book. A A beaker is used Test tubes are used to A Bunsen burner is Metal tongs are used to A tripod is used to support Retort stands and clamps Gauze mats are placed Spatulas are used to spoon Filter funnels are used to Measuring cylinders are used hold equipment in place. pick up hot objects. separate solids and liquids. on top of tripods to distribute heat evenly. hold and heat small amounts of liquids. equipment that is being heated. out small amounts of chemicals. to measure amounts of liquids accurately. to contain and pour liquids. used to heat things. B Date Completed: ____________ Page 3 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Due Date: _____________ 2005 1. What temperature is it? g) __________ h) __________ i) __________ j) __________ 2. This is a dial scale. Where might this type of scale be found? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 3. What is the reading of each of the points? k) __________ l) __________ m) __________ n) __________ o) __________ Date Completed: ____________ Page 4 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Due Date: _____________ 2005 1. How much fluid is in each of the measuring cylinders? a) ______mL b) ______mL c) ______mL d) ______mL 2. Draw a cylinder that contains 56mL of fluid in the space on the right. 3. The triple beam balance above is used to measure mass. a) What does the scale read? __________________ b) What are the units? __________________ 4. Which counter balance would you have to move to measure 340g? __________________ 5. Read the ruler. a) _______ cm b) _______ cm c) _______ cm d) _______ cm e) _______ cm f) _______ cm Date Completed: ____________ Page 5 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Due Date: _____________ 2005 Construct a poster to illustrate one of the laboratory rules. Date Completed: ____________ Page 6 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet 1. A Wonderword The wonderword contains the names of 16 branches of science. Can you find them all? The remaining letters spell out another branch of science. What is it? List the 17 branches. ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ C Y T E C H E Due Date: _____________ 2005 MI S T R Y L E N T P E Y A O O GOL N S C Y Y OE F I GZ K I OT OL L Y MC OA T A N A OS R OGY MOM O N O R T S MN OE L T HI N S ME R A H S T R Y S OGOL GOL Y L A OY L H OI GC Y I S T OR OOGE Y N C E A Y D P N I OP GY Y Y GP R T GOL OHT MA 2. A logical thinking puzzle Imagine that you are a scientist and you are having a barbecue for some scientific friends. You want to seat each person so that they have scientists either side of them who have similar interest. You are inviting: ● Dr. A, a geologist ● Dr. G, a biotechnologist ● Dr. B, a chemist ● Dr. H, a biochemist ● Dr. C, a biologist ● Dr. I, a geotechnologist ● Dr. D, a geophysicist ● Dr. J, a physicist ● Dr. E, a biophysicist ● Dr. K, a palaeontologist ● Dr. F, a geochemist ● Dr. L, yourself, a physical chemist a) What does each person study (use a dictionary if you need to)? b) Draw up a dinner table with 12 seats and work out a seating plan for your barbecue. 3. Unjumble the sentences Each of the jumbled sentences describes a branch of science. Write the unjumbled sentences in your book. a) of Hydrology is the water the study of movement the surface. earth’s over b) weather. is the Meteorology of the study c) skin. is the study Dermatology of d) While the plants of the study is animals. of botany study is zoology e) earth Seismology of study is movements. the Date Completed: ____________ Page 7 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Colour Code Due Date: _____________ 2005 Colour code the following laboratory equipment, then colour in the drawing. [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ ] Watch glass (evaporating dish) ] Flat bottom flask ] Pipette ] Round bottom flask ] Bunsen burner ] Conical flask ] Reagent bottle ] Gauze ] Test tube ] Tripod ] Measuring cylinder [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ ] Filter funnel ] Crucible ] Burette ] Spatula ] Pipe clay triangle ] Test tube brush ] Gas jar ] Stirring rod ] Test tube rack ] Beaker ] Retort stand Date Completed: ____________ Page 8 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet You can be a scientist Due Date: _____________ 2005 1. Choose the correct word from the box to complete the sentences below. data interference hypothesis model observe analyse estimate classification a) When we pull something apart and look closely at each part and how it works with the other parts, we a_______________ it. b) When we think of a reason for something we see, we make a i_______________. c) C________________ means grouping things together, once we have worked out how they are alike. d) Another word for information is d_______________. e) An e_______________ is a guess. f) We use our senses to o_______________ things. g) A m_______________ is something we use to help us understand how something works. h) When we use information to say why we think something happens, we make a h_______________. 2. Match the drawings of each piece of equipment with the scientific diagrams of the equipment. Write down the correct name using the words in the box. evaporating dish retort stand and clamp What it looks like Bunsen burner conical flask funnel beaker test tube measuring cylinder round-bottomed flask How we draw it in science Name Date Completed: ____________ Page 9 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Due Date: _____________ 2005 Date Completed: ____________ Page 10 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Elementary Due Date: _____________ 2005 1. Use the periodic table of elements to find the names of the following elements. H ____________________ He ____________________ B ____________________ C ____________________ N ____________________ O ____________________ F ____________________ Na ____________________ Mg ____________________ Fe ____________________ 2. Name six metals in the list. ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ 3. Name three gases in the list. ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ Al ____________________ Si ____________________ S ____________________ Cl ____________________ K ____________________ Ca ____________________ Cu ____________________ Zn ____________________ Au ____________________ Sn ____________________ 4. Find the elements from Question 1 in the word maze. Some words are written backwards. There are other elements in the word maze too. Find these elements and copy them down. F L U O R I N E T I N A E N I R O L H C N S L P H Y R U C R E M I U S O D I U M G C M L M H X S H U O N A U I I R Y P O R O G L I C N U G D T B N C C S O Page 11 I F E I B E N O I S N U L N A S O Z P U A B M U C I R I G P M T O A S U I N D A E L O R L M O C R S P R N P O G O L D M U I L E H N Date Completed: ____________ Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Matter 1. Complete the following table: Substance Air Water Lemonade Crude oil Table salt Blood Sugar Steam Gold Silver Diamond Carbon dioxide Soil Magnesium hydroxide Sulphur Is it solid, liquid or gas? Due Date: _____________ 2005 Is it an element, compound or mixture? 2. Use the words ‘volume’, ‘shape’ and ‘fill’ in the correct places to complete the following sentences: a) Solids have a definite _______________ and volume. b) Liquids have a definite ________________. Liquids take the _______________ of the container in which they are held. c) Gases do not have a definite _______________ or _______________. Gases _______________ any container in which they are held. 3. Write definitions for the following: a) Element: _____________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ b) Compound: ___________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ c) Mixture: ______________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ Date Completed: ____________ Page 12 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Pure or Mixture? Due Date: _____________ 2005 Classify each of the following as either a pure substance or a mixture. If you decide something is a mixture, write down at least two of the components in it. Put all this information in a table. water, garden soil, baking soda, Coca-Cola, petrol, sugar, oxygen gas, table salt, copper metal, potters clay, cup of coffee, aluminium, blood, sea water, soap Pure substance Mixture Two components of mixture Date Completed: ____________ Page 13 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet How do we separate things? Read the following letter then answer the questions. Due Date: _____________ 2005 Dear Penny, What a day! The folks decided to spring clean the house. Of course I had to help. First of all, I used the vacuum cleaner to get the dirt out of the carpet. Dad mowed the lawn with the mower and I helped him rake up the grass. The paths had dirt and grass clippings on them so we used a broom to sweep them. We were so hot and tired. Mum gave us all a glass of ice tea. It was quite nice and it’s easy to make. Just cool some tea by putting it in the fridge and, if you like, you can remove the tea leaves with a tea strainer. Then I helped Mum to wash the clothes. Mum showed me how to use the spin-drier to remove most of the water from the clothes. After that we hung the clothes on the line and let the sun dry them out completely. Meanwhile, that lazy brother of mine finally did something. He washed the dog and got rid of its fleas with the flea comb. In the afternoon, Mum was doing some sewing when she accidentally spilt the pins on the carpet. I thought of a good idea: I used a magnet to pick up the pins from the carpet. It worked like magic. The next time that I hear of spring cleaning, I think I’ll come over and visit you instead. See you soon, Susan a) How many ways of separating things are described in Susan’s letter? Carefully read the letter and list all of the separation methods that you find. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ b) What is the process used in each of the separation methods you have listed in a)? The processes to choose from are: filtration, centrifuging, evaporation and magnetic separation. Process Separation method Date Completed: ____________ Page 14 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Solutions Due Date: _____________ 2005 A solution is a mixture. It is obtained by dissolving one substance in another, for example, by stirring sugar into water. A solution contains a solute and a solvent. The liquid which is used to make the solution is called the solvent. The solid which dissolves is called the solute. Water is the solvent which is most often used to make solutions. It makes up about 65% of blood and is important because it carries dissolved substances (such as gases, simple foods, vitamins and minerals) around the body to places where they are needed. It is used as a solvent for some paints which are said to be water soluble. Other liquids also are used as solvents. Methylated spirits is a good solvent for some inks. Dry cleaning fluid works well to dissolve stains which contain fat. Mineral turpentine is suitable for dissolving paints which are not water soluble. Complete the following: 1. A ________________________ is a mixture. 2. A solution contains a ________________________ and a ________________________. 3. A ________________________ is the liquid which is used to make a ___________________. 4. The solid which dissolves is called the ________________________. 5. ________________________ is the solvent used to make most solutions. 6. Methylated spirits is a good _______________________ for some ______________________. Date Completed: ____________ Page 15 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Separating Substances 1. Each verb in the table represents a separation process. a) Write down the corresponding noun. Verb Noun Due Date: _____________ 2005 evaporate distil filter crystallise b) Use the nouns from your table to complete the following passage: In the process of _______________, liquid passes through a filter, which traps fine grains of solids. In the process of _______________, heat is used to remove liquid from a solution. _______________ is a process that uses heat to remove the liquid from a solution slowly, leaving crystals. The method used to separate the liquid part of a mixture by evaporating the solvent, collecting it and then condensing it to form a liquid again is called _______________. 2. For each diagram below, use words from the box to: a) Label the equipment. b) Write the method of separation under the diagram. beaker Bunsen burner conical flask crystal crystallisation delivery tube distillation evaporating dish evaporation filter funnel filter paper sediment sieve sieving test-tube decanting filtration Date Completed: ____________ Page 16 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Flow Diagram for Identifying Plants Start Here no Flowers on plant, or seeds enclosed in a fruit of some sort (not in a cone) Due Date: _____________ 2005 Tree or shrub with stem, roots, leaves and seeds Gymnosperms – these are mainly trees with seeds in cones, or ‘naked’ (not in a nut or shell) yes no yes Angiosperms – most of the ‘garden’ plants, weeds and grasses; the flowering plants. Small herb or bush with flowers, seeds, leaves, stem and roots yes no Botanists do not usually divide the plant groups on the basis of visible characteristics. This is because plants don’t always obey the ‘rules’ that we set down for them. This chart gives you a practical guide which will work most of the time. Usually more than 10cm high, with roots, leaves and underground stems yes Ferns – often found in moist places. The backs of the leaves often have brown spots or marks where the spores are formed. no yes Usually less than 10cm high, with clusters of fine hairs, but no true roots; may be flat, or appear to have leaves Bryophytes (mosses and liverworts) – in moist places, often very close to the ground. Stalked or cup-like reproductive structures may be present. yes Leaf green in colour no Lichens – small and flat, or leafy, often growing on rocks or on the bark of trees, but not in polluted areas. Not really a plant: lichens are made up of an alga and a fungus living together. Reproductive structures are harder to see. no Found in water, having no roots, no flowers, no stem, no leaves, but may have structures looking like roots or leaves yes no Algae – green or brown or red, size varies from one cell to a strap 60m long. Seaweeds and ‘green slime’ on rocks in streams, rivers and the sea. Fungi – powders, fuzzes, mushrooms, mildews, puffballs, etc. usually pale in colour. Use the flow diagram for identifying plants to answer the following questions. Date Completed: ____________ Page 17 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Due Date: _____________ 2005 1. Write down as many things as you can about angiosperms. _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 2. On an excursion you see a thing which is 2m high and is growing in a forest. You cannot see any seeds on it. Use the chart to decide what it could be. _________________________________________________________________________________ 3. On the same trip you see a flat, pale greeny-grey thing growing on a rock. It is 5cm across. What could it be? _________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Is a tree fern a tree or a fern? Explain your answer. How would you find out for sure? If you are not sure, find one, look at it and then decide. _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 5. How do ferns and fungi differ? _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 6. What characteristics do ferns and fungi have in common? _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 7. You have found a thing which you think is an alga. What characteristics would you look for to see if it is? _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ Date Completed: ____________ Page 18 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Find the Word Due Date: _____________ 2005 When you have found the words in bold below there will be eight letters left. Place these in order in the boxes below to find an example of one of the types of animal in the passage. I N V E R T E B R A T E S P S H S I F Y A R C I C E R W B A C T O T L L E H S O A A M I A H O U H S I F B L C R I R L N N S N N R O C K E O L R E G C A O E S O B P S U D M S S O D D C L O T K N N U K U Z E N I D N I A W T D I L O R A S K E L E T O N W L T M M A M O E B A O R I O O S A C O N S T A N T M M R S L L I O S N A I B I H P M A C O E L E N T E R A T E S Animals’ bodies are covered with hair, fur, scales, feathers or skin. Animals breathe using lungs. Warm-blooded animals have a constant body temperature. An animal with a backbone is a vertebrate. Animals without backbones are invertebrates. Animals have different body limbs such as legs, arms or wings. Vertebrates have a skeleton inside the body for support and protection. Most birds can fly, but the emu and kiwi cannot. Birds have beaks and sharp claws. Reptiles are cold-blooded animals. Fish breathe through gills. Amphibians live both on the land and in water, eg. frog, salamander. Arthropods are invertebrates with segmented bodies, eg. crayfish, crab. Insects have a proboscis. Echinoderms live in the sea only. Molluscs are soft-bodies animals. Most have a shell. A worm can be of three types – flat worms, roundworms or segmented worms. Protozoans are mostly microscopic animals. They are found in soil or water. They have only one cell, eg. amoeba. Coelenterates are soft, hollow-bodies animals. Date Completed: ____________ Page 19 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Classifying living things Due Date: _____________ 2005 1. All living things do the following things. Match each action with its correct definition. Action excrete move respire need nutrition reproduce are sensitive grow Definition respond to the world around them need to take food in act make living things like themselves get bigger get rid of wastes use the oxygen they breathe in 2. Classify the animals below by writing the correct word under each picture. Date Completed: ____________ Page 20 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet A Dichotomous Key — The Jones Family Due Date: _____________ 2005 Date Completed: ____________ Page 21 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Due Date: _____________ 2005 1. Write down the names of the family members (a) to (k). a) ______________ b) ______________ c) ______________ d) ______________ e) ______________ f) ______________ 2. Write down a description for (g), (b) and (d) in terms of what we know from the key only. g) ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ b) ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ d) ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 3. What value do you see such a key as having? _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ Date Completed: ____________ Page 22 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ g) ______________ h) ______________ i) ______________ j) ______________ k) ______________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet 4. Construct a key to identify the following four birds. Due Date: _____________ 2005 Date Completed: ____________ Page 23 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Phases of the Moon Due Date: _____________ 2005 Write the date and colour in the Moon to record its appearance. Leave a space if you miss an observation. Date: Date: Date: Date: After you have completed your 28 day chart showing the phases of the Moon, answer the following question. What was the date that your observation corresponded to the following positions on the diagram below? A: ____________________ B: ____________________ C: ____________________ D: _________________ Date Completed: ____________ Page 24 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Astronomy: Assignment Due Date: _____________ 2005 Identify the following astronomers using the descriptions they give of themselves. Then find out one additional fact about each person. Choose from these Isaac Newton Johannes Kepler Ptolemy astronomers: Edmund Halley Copernicus Edwin Hubble Galileo Galilei Tycho Brahe Plato (Note: not all names are used) 1. I lived in England from 1656 to 1742. As an astronomer, I observed the comet of 1682 and correctly predicted its return in 1758. This comer now bears my name. Who am I? ________________________________________________________________________ Fact: ____________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 2. I was born in Poland and have been credited with being the pioneer of modern astronomy. I lived from 1473 to 1543. I felt sure that the sun was the centre of the universe and that the planets moved around it in circles. Who am I? ________________________________________________________________________ Fact: ____________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 3. I lived in Alexandria in the second century AD. I believed that the Earth was the centre of the universe and that not all objects in the skies were perfect spheres. Who am I? ________________________________________________________________________ Fact: ____________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ Date Completed: ____________ Page 25 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Due Date: _____________ 2005 4. I lived from 1642 to 1727. Although famous for my Law of Gravitation, I also worked with light and prisms. I made a telescope that worked with mirrors. Who am I? ________________________________________________________________________ Fact: ____________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 5. I was an American astronomer who lived from 1889 to 1953. I have had a modern telescope named after me. Who am I? ________________________________________________________________________ Fact: ____________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ Date Completed: ____________ Page 26 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Astronomy: Cloze Use the following words to fill the spaces. asteroids elements nebula seasons Due Date: _____________ 2005 astronomers astronomical comets constellations Earth gas light luminosity Mercury meteors meteoroids optical planets Pluto radio reflected rotation satellite solid stars sun telescopes tides tilted years The Earth is one of the nine ______________ which orbit the Sun, to make up out solar system. ______________ is the planet nearest to the sun and ________________ is the furthest away. Some planets (such as Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars) are _________________, and some (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune) are ______________ giants. A collection of _______________ is called a galaxy. Our galaxy is called the Milky Way. Stars radiate _______________, planets only give off _______________ light from stars. A group of stars which forms an imaginary pattern is a _______________. A _________________ is a cloud of gas or dust in interstellar space. Distances in the universe are so enormous that we often use light _______________ to measure them, that is, the distance travelled by light in one year. People who study the stars and other celestial bodies are called ________________ and use ________________ to investigate the universe. Telescopes can be ________________ telescopes, which use lenses and light, or ___________________ telescopes which pick up the radio signals given out by far distant objects. __________________ are rocks and dust particles travelling in space at high speeds. If they enter the Earth’s atmosphere, they burn up and are called ‘shooting stars’ or _________________. __________________ are celestial bodies made up of ices and dust orbiting the sun, with long tail pointing away from the sun. The _______________ is a star. ________________ are small celestial bodies found between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. The _______________ moves around the sun once every 365 days (a year) and spinds on its axis, once every 24 hours. Night and day are caused by the _______________ of the Earth. The axis is _____________ over. This tilt of the Earth’s axis is the cause of the ______________. The moon is a _______________ of the Earth and it causes ________________ in our seas and oceans. One _________________ unit (AU) is the average distance between the Earth and the sun (149 600 000km). The sun is a typical star with an average size and _________________ (brightness). The sun is mainly composed of the __________________ hydrogen and helium.3. Many of the sauces and dressings that you have in the cupboard or fridge suggest that you “Shake Well” before use. Name one of these and give a reason why shaking is recommended. Date Completed: ____________ Page 27 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet The famous 1969 lunar mission Due Date: _____________ 2005 Read the information about items taken on the 1969 lunar mission and answer the questions that follow. Things taken included: Clothing  Spacesuit and helmet: Earth weight 82kg  Underwear: Water moved through the plastic number to keep the body cool  Inflated suit: Suit was made of layers of Teflon and nylon, which were covered with fire retardant fabric  Space helmet: Helmet had two layers to protect the astronaut from radiation  Insulated gloves  Backpack: The backpack contained gases. The gases were needed for breathing and to keep the suit pressurised Food  Freeze-dried sandwiches and meals in sealed bags, ready for water to be added  Some foods were in tubes which looked like toothpaste tubes  Drinks were squirted into the mouth using a water-pistol-type device 1. Why do you think each astronaut had: a) water-cooled underwear? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ b) a fire-retardant suit? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ c) a space helmet with two layers? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ d) food and drink packaged in special ways? Date Completed: ____________ Page 28 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Due Date: _____________ 2005 ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Comment on the weight of each astronaut’s suit. (Note: The gravity on the Moon means that the astronaut weigh only one-sixth of Earth’s weight when they are on the Moon.) ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 3. Write a story called ‘My trip to the Moon’. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Date Completed: ____________ Page 29 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Due Date: _____________ 2005 ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Time in the solar system 1. State what an astronomer means by the words: a) ‘day’ _______________________________________________________________________ b) ‘year’ ______________________________________________________________________ Use the table to answer the following questions: 2. Name the planet which has the longest: a) day _______________________________ b) year ______________________________ Planet The following table shows information about the length of the day and year for the planets in our solar system. Length of day (hours or Earth days) 59 days 243 days 24 hours 24.5 hours 10 hours 10 hours 24 hours 16 hours 6.5 days Length of year (years or Earth days) 88 days 225 days 1 year 1.9 years 11.9 years 29.5 years 84 years 165 years 249 years Mercury Venus 3. Name the planet(s) which has/have the shortest: Earth Mars a) day _______________________________ Jupiter Saturn b) year ______________________________ Uranus Neptune Pluto Let us imagine that we could exist on other planets. How would different lengths of day and night affect us? Example A Jupiterian says he sleeps half the Jupiterian day, and the Earthling says she sleeps for only one-third of the day on Earth. Who sleeps longer? 1 day on Jupiter = 10 hours, so ½ day = 5 Earth hours 1 day on Earth = 24 hours, so 1/3 of the day = 8 Earth hours We can see the Earthling sleeps longer than the Jupiterian. Questions 4 to 6 are for you to do. 4. Who sleeps longer: a Neptunian who sleeps for half her day or a Uranian who sleeps for half of his day? 1 day on Neptune = _____ Earth hours, so ½ day on Neptune = _____ hours 1 day on Uranus = _____ Earth hours, so ½ day on Uranus = _____ hours The __________ sleeps longer. 5. Who is older: a 10-Martian-year-old person or a 10-Earth-year-old person? 1 year on Mars = _____ Earth years 10 years on Mars = _____ Earth years The __________ is older. 6. Who attended school longer: a person on Earth who attended for 10 years, or a person on Date Completed: ____________ Page 30 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Due Date: _____________ 2005 Mercury who attended school for 10 Mercury years? 1 year on Mercury = _____ Earth days So 10 years on Mercury = _____ Earth days = approximately _____ Earth years The person on __________ attended school longer. Date Completed: ____________ Page 31 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Energy ‘find it’ Due Date: _____________ 2005 Name the different types of energy represented in the picture below. _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ Date Completed: ____________ Page 32 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Energy Due Date: _____________ 2005 Energy cannot be created or destroyed. It changes from one form to others. This means that energy is conserved. Describe the energy transformations that occur in the following situations. Example: A light globe — electrical energy is changed to light and heat 1. A gas oven ______________________________________________________________________________ 2. A computer ______________________________________________________________________________ 3. A food blender ______________________________________________________________________________ 4. Opening a can of soft drink ______________________________________________________________________________ 5. Jumping on a trampoline ______________________________________________________________________________ 6. Dropping a yo-yo ______________________________________________________________________________ 7. A match being lit ______________________________________________________________________________ 8. A rollercoaster going downhill ______________________________________________________________________________ 9. A rollercoaster going uphill ______________________________________________________________________________ 10. A wind turbine ______________________________________________________________________________ 11. Playing a discman ______________________________________________________________________________ Date Completed: ____________ Page 33 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet What device would you use? Due Date: _____________ 2005 1. In this exercise you have to think of devices for changing energy from one form to another. For example, chemical energy can be changed to electrical energy in a battery. Write the names of the devices you would use to change: a) electrical energy to heat ______________________________________________________________________________ b) electrical energy to light ______________________________________________________________________________ c) heat to moving (kinetic) energy ______________________________________________________________________________ d) light to electrical energy ______________________________________________________________________________ e) chemical energy to heat ______________________________________________________________________________ f) kinetic energy to electrical energy ______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Now think of the change in energy carried out by each of the following devices. Name what form of energy is used by the device and what form of energy is produced. hydro-electric power station electric radiator Device guitar motorcar engine coal-powered steam engine windmill gas oven blast furnace bicycle Form of energy used Form of energy provided Date Completed: ____________ Page 34 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Due Date: _____________ 2005 Date Completed: ____________ Page 35 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Crossword: Energy words Clues Across 1. These can be flown on windy days 3. The form of energy we detect with our ears 5. The original source of energy for the Earth 6. Stored energy 8. Burning magnesium releases its stored __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ energy 11. __ __ energy is ever destroyed. 12. We cannot __ __ __ sound energy. 13. When a match is __ __ __, we see light and hear sound. 14. One form of energy from the Sun 16. Power stations change kinetic energy into this form of energy 17. One type of nuclear reaction 18. To __ __ __ __ __ __ our fossil fuels do not run out, we must use them wisely. Down 1. Energy of movement 2. Oil is an example of a __ __ __ __. 4. We __ __ __ food to supply us with energy. 6. The plant process that uses solar energy to produce chemical energy 7. A stretchy spring has this type of energy 9. This cannot be created or destroyed 10. A solid black fuel that comes from the Earth 12. Energy from the Sun 15. __ __ __ __ __ __ __ reactions in the Sun give light and heat. Due Date: _____________ 2005 Date Completed: ____________ Page 36 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet (Gales reach 320 km/h here!)  Answer the question on the left side of the page. to the best answer or answers on the left side. will help you to crack the code. What type of energy is: 1. movement? 2. the energy a mountaineer has when she stands at the top of a mountain? 3. contained in food? 4. possessed by the springs in a trampoline? 5. released when nuclei of atoms join? 6. contained in petrol? 7. possessed by a falling leaf (two types!)? 8. music? 9. possessed by wind whistling (two types!)? 10. radiant energy (two types!)? 11. possessed by magnesium ribbon? Due Date: _____________ 2005 Energy puzzle: Where is the windiest place on Earth?  Draw a straight line (using a ruler)  The line will pass through a letter. This letter Date Completed: ____________ Page 37 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Heat Conduction Due Date: _____________ 2005 When we are cooking and need to stir food, we usually use a wooden rather than a metal spoon. The metal spoon would get hot because heat energy from the food can transfer easily into it. This happens because metals are good conductors of heat. We use conductors whenever we want heat to travel quickly through something. So we use metals to make saucepans, barbecue plates, kettles, radiators in cars and homes, and cooling coils at the back of refrigerators and freezers. Non-metals, like wood, are poor conductors of heat: heat energy does not pass through them. Poor conductors of heat are also called heat insulators. For example, one of the best insulators is air. Many substances that contain a lot of air — such as cork, polystyrene foam, fibreglass and wool — are therefore good insulators. We use insulators when we don’t want heat travelling through something. We use wood or plastic handles on saucepans, fibreglass lagging on hot-water pipes, air cavities in the walls of houses and polystyrene in picnic baskets. 1. Complete the following sentences. a) Metals are _______________ conductors of heat energy. b) Metals allow heat energy to pass through them _______________. c) The transfer of heat energy through a solid is called _______________. d) Substances that do not allow heat energy to pass through them are called heat _______________ e) Non-metals are good heat _______________. 2. Name five heat conductors. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 3. Name five heat insulators. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 4. Why does the end of a teaspoon get hot when you stir coffee? Why doesn’t the end of a plastic spoon get hot? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Date Completed: ____________ Page 38 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Convection Currents Due Date: _____________ 2005 Read the following information. Then answer the questions that follow it. If water is heated, it moves with a circular motion called convection current. Convection currents occur because:        the water at the bottom of the beaker expands as it is heated as the water expands it become less dense the less dense water then ‘floats’ to the top of the beaker at the top of the beaker this water cools down more rising hot water from the bottom pushes the cooling water to the side the cooling water, not more dense, sinks to the bottom of the beaker to take the place of more rising hot water the particles in water are not held together tightly but can flow over one another The transfer of heat energy by convection occurs in gases and liquids, collectively known as fluids, because they can flow. Complete these sentences: 1. The transfer of ________________ energy through fluids is called ________________. 2. Fluids are ________________ and ________________. 3. Convection occurs in fluids because their particles are able to ___________ ___________. 4. When convection is occurring the particles in the fluid move in a ________________ path. 5. This ________________ path is called a convection ________________. 6. Convection ________________ cannot occur in ________________. 7. This is because the particles in ________________ are held together _________ ________. Place the following labels on the diagram on the right.      Liquid expands as it is heated. Expanded liquid floats to the top. Liquid cools again. Cooler liquid is pushed to the side by rising liquid. Cooler liquid sinks to take the place of rising liquid. Date Completed: ____________ Page 39 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Heat Radiation Due Date: _____________ 2005 Read the passage and then answer the questions that follow it. Heat energy from the sun travels through space to earth. There is no matter in space — it is a vacuum. There are no particles both to conduct the heat to earth and for giant convection currents to form. Heat energy travels to earth by heat radiation. In radiation, waves or rays transfer heat energy. We cannot see these heat rays, but we can feel their effects. When a cloud comes between the sun and earth, it feels cooler. When the cloud shifts, we feel the heat again. Heat radiation also comes from hot objects on Earth. If you sit in front of a fire, you feel the heat coming toward you. If you put your hands out toward a stove, oven or barbecue hotplate, you feel the heat radiation. When objects are hit by heat rays, they absorb some of the heat energy and some is reflected. However, not all objects absorb or reflect at the same rate. Dull dark-coloured surfaces absorb heat energy better than shiny light-coloured surfaces. They also radiate heat energy away faster. Shiny light-coloured surfaces therefore reflect heat energy more than dull dark-coloured surfaces. 1. Complete these sentences. a) The transfer of heat _______________ by waves or _______________ is called _______________. b) Heat transfer by radiation does not need _______________. c) So heat radiation can occur in _______________ that is a _______________ (it has no _______________ in it). d) When the waves that carry heat energy hit other objects, the heat is either _______________ or _______________. e) Dull dark-coloured objects _______________ heat energy better than shiny lightcoloured objects. f) Shiny light-coloured objects _______________ heat energy better than dull darkcoloured objects. g) Absorb means to ‘_______________ _______________’. h) Reflect means to ‘_______________ _______________’. 2. When you walk barefoot on a hot day, it is easy to walk on grass, not so easy on bare dirt, difficult on concrete and almost impossible on bitumen. Explain. ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Date Completed: ____________ Page 40 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet 3. Complete these sentences. Due Date: _____________ 2005 a) When matter is heated, its _______________ move faster. b) In solids this means that the _______________ stay in their _______________ positions but _______________ more violently. c) When _______________ are heated, the heat _______________ passes through the metal to the other _______________. d) The metal is said to _______________ heat energy. e) Heat conduction occurs because the _______________ in the metal vibrate _______________ as it is heated, bump into other _______________ and make them _______________ more and so on down the metal. f) In non-metals, the _______________ are held too _______________ to transfer this vibration and hence the _____________ _____________ _____________ through them. 4. Label the diagram on the right to show how this convection heater works. 5. If you pour hot water into a cold, empty glass it may crack. If you stand a metal spoon in the glass before you pour the water in, it has less chance of cracking. Why? ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ 6. The air near the ceiling of the house is warmer than it is near the floor. Why? ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ 7. Why do people in very hot countries wear light-coloured clothes in preference to darkcoloured ones? ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ 8. Why are car radiators painted dull black while electric radiators are silver and shiny? ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Date Completed: ____________ Page 41 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Due Date: _____________ 2005 The figure below shows a sea breeze coming in from the sea to cool the land in the afternoon. Put labels on it to explain how and why the sea breeze forms. Date Completed: ____________ Page 42 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Crossword: Energy words Clues Across 1. The type of energy the ears can pick up. 2. The length between start and finish. 3. The reason your hands get hot when you rub them together. 4. This is everywhere but cannot be seen. 5. The opposite of “nothing”. 6. To tell the __ __ __ __. 7. The name of all matter, energy and space. 8. What scientists are always searching for. Due Date: _____________ 2005 Down 1. The area between bits of matter. 2. The electrical parts of a machine. 3. The action needed to get something to move or change direction. 4. When you don’t want electricity to flow through a circuit you would turn the switch __ __ __. 5. Another word for movement. 6. A machine designed to produce high velocity projectiles. 7. Different to him. 8. Newton discovered and explained this phenomena. 9. Magnets have them. 10. These devices can push or pull each from a distance. 11. A type of electromagnetic radiation. Date Completed: ____________ Page 43 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Cells: Louis Pasteur Due Date: _____________ 2005 Louis Pasteur was born at Dole in eastern France on 27th December 1822. His father was a tanner by trade and by the time Louis was old enough to attend school the family had moved to the neighbouring town of Arbois, where there was a tannery to let. Later as he grew up, life in Arbois did not offer the interests that Louis needed and he moved to Besancon, 40 km away, to attend the college there. He worked so hard that after a year he began to help with the teaching. In 1842, he went to Paris and at the end of the school year in 1843, he won a much coveted place in the Ecole Normale Superieure University. There was so much to do that there, he was always very busy. After two years hard work he was made assistant to the famous French chemist Antoine Balard, and this enabled him to begin experiments of his own. The spoiling of wine It was his discovery of the properties of the two types of tartaric acid at this time that made him famous. This rather obscure research later led him to discover why some wined or fermented beverages became spoiled and others didn’t. This was important in Louis’ day because often the vile tasting lactic acid was produced instead of the alcohol, making the beverage impossible to drink. Pasteur had examined various liquors in the vats from the local brewers and notices myriads of tiny rod-shaped bodies, quite unlike the spherical yeasts necessary for alcohol production. He went on studying these remarkable processes of fermentation and in a wonderful series of experiments he showed that fermentation was due to the presence of live organisms. When yeasts alone were present, alcohol was produced and if the rod-shaped ‘bacteria’ were present, the lactic acid formed and the wine was spoiled. He had realised bacteria can have an effect. The Germ Theory of Disease By 1873, there was much excitement in France because Jean Villemin had shown that tuberculosis was and infectious disease and bacteria like Louise had seen in fermentation was observed in the blood of animals dying of anthrax (a very nasty disease for farm animals). Date Completed: ____________ Page 44 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Due Date: _____________ 2005 In 1877, Louise Pasteur began to study the anthrax bacteria. Soon after, he not only showed that these germs caused the sickness but he also produced a vaccine to protect the animals. This was tested in 1881 and was a huge success. Louise didn’t stop there. Rabies was also a nasty disease that was transmitted to humans from dog bites. Whilst he never discovered the cause of rabies, he did manage to prepare a vaccine from the spinal fluids of infected rabbits. He first tried the vaccine out on nine year old Joseph Meister on the 6th of July 1885. Joseph had been bitten three days earlier and was almost certain to die. The boy lived and Louis Pasteur was a national and international hero. The people of France built him a magnificent new laboratory — the Pasteur Institute — as thanks. He died seven years later but had left a legacy that has continued to help people up until today. Date Completed: ____________ Page 45 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Due Date: _____________ 2005 Complete the following puzzle by using information from the Louis Pasteur story. Across 1. Louis Pasteur’s birth town 2. The French chemist who took Louis under his wing 6. The acid that spoils the fermenting of alcoholic beverages 9. Louis Pasteur’s country of birth 10. The shape of bacteria in fermentation process 11. The disease that was killing a lot of farm animals in Louis’ time Down 1. Bacteria can cause many different types of __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __. 3. The chemical formed from fermentation if only the yeast is present 4. The month of Louis’ birthday 5. A machine nasty disease passed onto humans when bitten by an infected dog 7. The original acid that Louis experimented on 8. The micro-organisms that Louis Pasteur developed vaccines for Date Completed: ____________ Page 46 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet The Microscope 1. Label the diagram of the microscope. Due Date: _____________ 2005 2. Complete the following sentences about the correct handing of microscopes. a) Microscopes must always be used _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ y. b) Always carry a m _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ using _ _ _ h hands. c) Always adjust the mirror so there is enough _ _ g _ _ to see the specimen. d) The specimen is placed onto a glass microscope _ _ _ d _, which is then carefully placed under the clips on the _ _ _ g _ of the microscope. e) If the stage is too close to the objective lens, the glass slide may get _ _ _ _ _ n. f) Always start with the objective lens with the l _ _ _ _ _ power. 3. Find the missing words from questions 1 and 2 in the puzzle. Note: Words can be spelt backwards. T E Y L L U F E R A C H S T N E G C O I S V I S M T A G R B O T H S M I U R E E J S E S O N C B B G O E T S T B E R E A R B C S H A J K O T I M I T G P G E O S G R S O I U E E C R C S O L L V S C I T B O A R I L E E I C M A P P R D O L T A E E Y E P I E C E H L S A L H P M I G N E D ! K L I L O W E S T E ! There is a message left after all the ‘missing words’ have been crossed out. What does the message say? ________________________ Date Completed: ____________ Page 47 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Cells – The Units of Life Due Date: _____________ 2005 1. Complete the sentences below by choosing the correct word from below. animal millimetre electron micrometres cells microscope small a) Virtually every living thing, or organism, on Earth is made up of _________________. b) There are plant cells and there are __________________ cells. c) Most cells are so ____________________ that we need a _____________________ to see them. d) We use light microscopes and ______________________ microscopes to observe cells. e) We measure cells in _____________________. f) One micrometre is one-thousandth of a _____________________. 2. Use the words below to label the diagram of the microscope. focus knob, stage, objective lens, mirror, eyepiece lens, base, microscopic tube 3. Now write the name of each part next to the correct definition below. ______________________ The platform on which the microscope is built. ______________________ The lens you look through to see the object you are studying. ______________________ The platform on which the object you are studying is placed. ______________________ The lens that is closest to the object you are studying. ______________________ A knob you can turn to bring the object you are studying into focus. ______________________ The adjustable tube between the two lenses. ______________________ Directs light through the object you are studying. Date Completed: ____________ Page 48 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Crossword: What’s what in a cell? Using the diagrams and the clues provided, complete the crossword below. Due Date: _____________ 2005 Clues Across 3. 2 down contains this material. Down 4. The diagrams show two different __ __ __ __ __. 9. Diagram (b) is a __ __ __ __ __ cell. Date Completed: ____________ Page 49 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet The history of cloning Due Date: _____________ 2005 Study the information below and answer the questions that follow. 1938 Just an idea! Han Spermann proposed a ‘fantastical experiment’ in which the nucleus from a cell is removed and inserted into an egg to make a clone. Robert Briggs and TJ King added the nucleus from a frog embryo cell (an embryo is the first group of cells that grows after the egg and sperm join together) to a frog egg. No development. John Gurdon tried the same procedure. The eggs developed into tadpoles but died after they were ready to begin feeding. This was a milestone because, even though the frogs never reached adulthood, he replaced the nucleus of a frog egg with that of another cell from an adult frog. Karl Illmensee and Peter Hoppe reported that they had produced normal mice from mouse embryo cells. After a long inquiry, it was discovered that they had faked the results. James McGrath and Davor Solter reported that they could not repeat the mouse-cloning experiment and concluded that mice cannot be used for cloning. Others confirmed their results. Steen Willadsen reported that he had cloned a live lamb from embryo cells. Others later replicate his experiment and concluded that mice cannot be used for cloning. Others confirmed their results. Neal First cloned calves from embryos that have grown at least 120 cells. Ian Wilmut repeated Dr First’s experiment with sheep, but put embryo cells into a resting state before inserting their nuclei to sheep eggs. The eggs developed into normal embryos and then into lambs. Dr Wilmut reported that he had cloned a six-year-old adult sheep from and udder cell. Dolly, the cloned sheep, was the only one to survive from 277 eggs that had been joined with the adult sheep cells. ABS Global INC. Produced ‘Gene”, a six-month-old bull calf, from its proprietary cloning technology. It also formed a company to clone animals for different purposes such as animal research. ‘Matilda’, a merino sheep, and ‘Suzi’, a calf, are the first cloned animals in Australia Cloning research continues all over the world. 1952 First cloning experiment with frogs Second cloning experiment with frogs 1970 1981 ‘Cloning’ of mice 1982 Research stalls 1984 First embryo cloning with sheep First cloning of more advanced embryo cells Groundwork laid for cloning of adult sheep Adult sheep cloned 1994 1996 1997 1997 Bull calf cloned 2000 Today Animals cloned in Australia Research goes on! Date Completed: ____________ Page 50 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Due Date: _____________ 2005 1. How many years did it take from the idea of cloning to the cloning of Dolly the sheep? ______________________________________________________________________________ 2. When looking back at the history of cloning, state whether the discovery of cloning was made by one person or many people. ______________________________________________________________________________ 3. Explain why you think so many people are involved in a single scientific discovery. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 4. Explain why you think a discovery like cloning takes so long to come about. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 5. Explain what an embryo is. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 6. The clones made in the years before Dolly were made using the nucleus of cells from embryos. Yet no one made a big deal out of this. Explain why Dolly was different to the clones that came before her. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 7. In 1952 and 1970, scientists tried to clone frogs. Explain the difference between the results of these experiments. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 8. State whether scientific research continued between 1952 and 1970, or stopped for this time between discoveries. ______________________________________________________________________________ Date Completed: ____________ Page 51 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet Due Date: _____________ 2005 9. In 1981, the cloning of mice was faked! Explain why you think a scientist might want to fake their results. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 10.State the types of animals that were cloned in Australia, and the year in which this was done. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 11.Propose a benefit of cloning a merino sheep for Australian farmers. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Date Completed: ____________ Page 52 Teacher’s Signature: ____________ Year 7 Homework Worksheet A Freshwater Habitat Due Date: _____________ 2005 Use the diagram of the food web below to answer the questions. You will also need the following information.    Consumers which eat producers are called first order consumers Consumers which eat first order consumers are called second order consumers, and so on An animal may be both a first and second order consumer, depending on what it is eating. 1. Name the first order consumers in the food web. ______________________________________________________________________________ 2. List the producers in this web. ______________________________________________________________________________ 3. Where do the producers obtain their food and energy? ______________________________________________________________________________ 4. What do dragonfly nymphs feed on? ______________________________________________________________________________ Date Completed: ____________ Page 53 Teacher’s Signature: ____________